home *** CD-ROM | disk | FTP | other *** search
- <text id=91TT1647>
- <title>
- July 29, 1991: Middle East:Why Assad Saw the Light
- </title>
- <history>
- TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1991
- July 29, 1991 The World's Sleaziest Bank
- </history>
- <article>
- <source>Time Magazine</source>
- <hdr>
- WORLD, Page 29
- MIDDLE EAST
- Why Assad Saw the Light
- </hdr><body>
- <p>Syria shrewdly says yes to Bush's peace plan, but Israel suspects
- a trick to shift the blame for future delays
- </p>
- <p>By George J. Church--Reported by Christopher Ogden with Baker
- and Robert Slater/Jerusalem
- </p>
- <p> Syrian President Hafez Assad ordinarily is no one's idea
- of a cooperative statesman, not with his record as a bloodily
- repressive dictator. But Assad is shrewd enough to sense which
- way the winds of world power are blowing. So last week he
- accepted the American formula for a Middle East peace
- conference. That, in effect, made him the first Arab leader
- since Egypt's Anwar Sadat to agree to public, direct peace talks
- with Israel: that is what the conference is supposed to lead to,
- after a brief ceremonial opening.
- </p>
- <p> None of which necessarily means that a conference will
- meet anytime soon. At least one of Assad's motives was to put
- the onus of blocking peace squarely upon Israel, should Prime
- Minister Yitzhak Shamir's government balk at accepting the same
- terms. Shamir is alert to that danger, but he is far from avid
- for a peace conference.
- </p>
- <p> So, as U.S. Secretary of State James Baker toured the
- region, the betting was that the Israeli leader would stall, if
- not turn Baker down flat. Defense Minister Moshe Arens
- predicted to the newspaper Yediot Aharonot that Baker would
- leave without any agreement that "will bring about the meeting
- he wants to organize." Even if Shamir accepted, right-wing
- parties would almost certainly leave his coalition and topple
- the government. New elections would then delay a peace
- conference further.
- </p>
- <p> Even so, Assad's move underlines the extent to which once
- unfriendly countries are concluding that it is prudent to please
- the U.S., the world's sole remaining superpower. The Syrian
- President had long been a client of the Soviet Union and a
- leader of the rejectionist Arab states that opposed any dealing
- with Israel. But, American analysts believe, at the end of the
- gulf war Assad realized he had reached a turning point: he could
- become the unrivaled leader of Arab radicals--or he could bid
- for status among the moderates. Assad decided, as one American
- diplomat puts it, that "the future is with the U.S. and with the
- Cairo-Riyadh-Damascus axis"--and that only the U.S. could help
- Syria recover the Golan Heights from Israel.
- </p>
- <p> In a letter to George Bush last week, Assad accepted two
- U.S. ideas: that the United Nations send only an observer to
- the peace conference (Syria had originally wanted the U.N. to
- play a major role) and that, after the conference had broken up
- into bilateral talks between Israel and individual Arab states,
- it reconvene only if the participants agree. Israel in effect
- could veto resumption of the full conference.
- </p>
- <p> Shamir and his advisers, however, do not want U.N.
- participation in any form. They see the U.N. as being implacably
- anti-Israel. One official further scents a propaganda trap in
- the proposal to give Israel a veto over reconvening a multisided
- conference. The purpose, he fears, is to enable Syria and other
- states to put all the blame on Israel if the bilateral talks
- deadlock and Jerusalem does not let the full conference meet
- again.
- </p>
- <p> The deeper problem is the government's fear that any kind
- of peace talks will turn into a gang-up by the U.S. and Arab
- nations to force Israel to give up the Golan Heights, the West
- Bank and Gaza. Shamir is determined not to yield a square inch.
- Thus the talk in Jerusalem is less about how to get talks
- started than how to fend them off. Currently, Israeli officials
- are longing for the U.S. presidential campaign to start in
- earnest. Once the campaign is in full swing, they reason, no
- candidate will risk putting pressure on Israel to yield to Arab
- demands.
- </p>
-
- </body></article>
- </text>
-
-